A study published in the Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association reports that dogs fed a larger volume of food per meal (based on the median number of cups fed per kilogram of body weight per meal) have a significantly increased risk of developing gastric dilatation-volvulus. For both large- and giant-breed dogs, the risk was highest for dogs fed a larger volume of food once daily, according to the study, conducted by researchers at Purdue University. Bloat is distinguished by distention and twisting of the stomach and is most common in large dogs with deep chests. The disease is a life-threatening emergency, and successful management depends on prompt diagnosis and appropriate medical and surgical treatment. Signs of bloat can include attempts to vomit, hypersalivation, abdominal distention or a state of shock.
