What makes a good working dog?February 5, 2019The canine labor market is diverse and expansive. Assistance dogs may be trained to work with the visually or hearing impaired, or with people in wheelchairs. Detection dogs may be trained to sniff out explosives, narcotics, or bedbugs. Others even learn to jump out of helicopters on daring rescue missions. Despite the wide variety of working roles available for man's best friend, those jobs can be tough to fill, since not every dog will qualify. Even among those specifically bred to be assistance dogs, only about 50 percent starting a training program will successfully complete it, while the rest go on to be very well-trained family pets. As a result, the wait list for a trained assistance dog can be up to two years. Evan MacLean, PhD, director of the Arizona Canine Cognition Center at the University of Arizona (UA), is exploring ways to identify the best dogs for different jobs—before they start the long and expensive training process—by looking at their cognitive abilities. He is lead author of a study in Frontiers in Veterinary Science looking at whether canines' cognitive abilities can help predict their success as working dogs. While a dog's physical characteristics and temperament are often considered …
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How 3-D printing benefits presurgical planning for angular limb deformityFebruary 4, 2019 The surgical treatment of limb deformities in dogs has historically been approached by taking preoperative measurements using radiographic orthogonal views. When calculations for the osteotomy location, hardware type, and size were determined, the information was transferred to the patient in the operating theatre. Although using this procedure can result in satisfactory outcomes, there are many cases involving severe deformities where preoperative planning can be very difficult. Having a 3-D model closely approximating the actual limb can significantly benefit the preoperative plan. Enter 3-D printing Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is proving to be a very useful technique in veterinary orthopedic applications, particularly as it relates to preoperative planning. Production of multiple models that are scaled on a one-to-one ratio to the patient can allow the surgeon to accurately plan surgical procedures. Using these techniques for preoperative planning can provide several benefits, including lessening time under anesthesia and lowering its associated risks, as well as decreasing surgical site infection. Although it is expensive, the cost of employing 3DP can be justified when considering the benefit of shorter surgeries, less anesthetic time, and facilitating more consistent results to avoid subsequent revision surgeries. In the majority of cases, the use of 3-D modeling is …
Dentistry—A discipline in need of changeFebruary 4, 2019I am writing this article as I travel home from Phoenix, after attending a successful Veterinary Dental Forum (VDF). This event is the official annual meeting of the American Veterinary Dental College (AVDC), Academy of Veterinary Dentistry (AVD), and the Foundation for Veterinary Dentistry (FVD). This year, VDF drew its largest crowd yet, partly due to general practitioners that are filling an educational void by attending lectures and wet labs in the various disciplines of dentistry and oral surgery. In this month's column, and in honor of National Pet Dental Health Month, I'd like to discuss a challenge for the veterinary profession, specifically dentistry training at the veterinary school level. It's not a new problem, and it doesn't exist at every school, but its significance is greater today than ever before, due to the changing needs of successful general practices. Decreasing significance The number of didactic teaching hours available within the veterinary curriculum is not getting any larger. In fact, teaching hours dedicated toward a specific topic are becoming more difficult to obtain due to new specialties, expanding knowledge base, and justifiable shifts in curricular focus to feed not only the IQ, but also the EQ. Ask any small-animal …
Rehabilitation: An avenue for clinic growthJanuary 15, 2019General veterinary practices looking to add services might do well to consider animal rehabilitation.
Tick TalkJanuary 15, 2019In recent decades, notable changes in the distribution and abundance of tick populations have occurred across North America.
Treating pain without pain medicationsJanuary 15, 2019Most of us will reach for pain medications to treat pain. That’s logical enough. In some situations (see the box on the opposite page), it is important to be resourceful and to be able to offer nonpharmaceutical pain relief, in addition to or instead of traditional chemical help.
Confessions of a veterinary dentistJanuary 15, 2019When it comes to preventing progression of periodontal disease, tooth brushing is the least expensive and most effective home-care method to help avoid the need for future extractions.
Compounded drugs—A literature updateJanuary 2, 2019In exciting times of new approved drug formulations for animal species, veterinarians face a myriad of challenges when balancing optimal treatment protocols and overall cost burden. Compounded drugs may offer an enticing alternative to an approved animal drug in terms of palatability and cost to the owner; however, the legal status of compounded drugs is often difficult to evaluate.
The race to develop immunotherapies for canine lymphoma and osteosarcomaJanuary 2, 2019There are many reasons why development of immunotherapies in dogs has been slow. Although cancer, and in particular lymphoma and osteosarcoma, is frequent in dogs, just one percent of owners have pet insurance; those who don’t are willing to spend only a limited amount of money to treat their dog, especially when initial treatment results are not as dramatic as in humans.
Debating raw dietsJanuary 2, 2019In spite of resistance from most veterinarians and from public health authorities, the popularity of raw meat-based diets for dogs and cats continues to grow.
